HTML5上传教程:今天我们将开发一个HTML5表单的文件上传带进度条和预览(在客户端)。之前已经给了你jQuery为基础的解决方案,但今天的应用不需要jQuery。所有的纯HTML5 JavaScript制作。我要用FileReader(HTML5)来实现实时预览和要使用XMLHttpRequest发送数据到服务器。
好,下载的资源,让我们开始!
步骤1.HTML
在这个页面你可以看到上传图像的形式
index.html
<html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>Pure HTML5 file upload | Script Tutorials</title> <link href="css/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="js/script.js"></script> </head> <body> <header> <h2>Pure HTML5 file upload</h2> </header> <div> <div><h2>You can select the file (image) and click Upload button</h2></div> <div> <form id="upload_form" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="upload.php"> <div> <div><label for="image_file">Please select image file</label></div> <div><input type="file" name="image_file" id="image_file" onchange="fileSelected();" /></div> </div> <div> <input type="button" value="Upload" onclick="startUploading()" /> </div> <div id="fileinfo"> <div id="filename"></div> <div id="filesize"></div> <div id="filetype"></div> <div id="filedim"></div> </div> <div id="error">You should select valid image files only!</div> <div id="error2">An error occurred while uploading the file</div> <div id="abort">The upload has been canceled by the user or the browser dropped the connection</div> <div id="warnsize">Your file is very big. We can't accept it. Please select more small file</div> <div id="progress_info"> <div id="progress"></div> <div id="progress_percent"> </div> <div></div> <div> <div id="speed"> </div> <div id="remaining"> </div> <div id="b_transfered"> </div> <div></div> </div> <div id="upload_response"></div> </div> </form> <img id="preview" /> </div> </div> </body> </html>
步骤2.CSS
CSS / main.css
我已经选择了所有必要的方式为我们的HTML5上传表单
.upload_form_cont { background: -moz-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #f2f2f2); background: -ms-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #f2f2f2); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #ffffff), color-stop(100%, #f2f2f2)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #f2f2f2); background: -o-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #f2f2f2); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#f2f2f2'); -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#f2f2f2')"; background: linear-gradient(#ffffff, #f2f2f2); color:#000; overflow:hidden; } #upload_form { float:left; padding:20px; width:700px; } #preview { background-color:#fff; display:block; float:right; width:200px; } #upload_form > div { margin-bottom:10px; } #speed,#remaining { float:left; width:100px; } #b_transfered { float:right; text-align:right; } .clear_both { clear:both; } input { border-radius:10px; -moz-border-radius:10px; -ms-border-radius:10px; -o-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; border:1px solid #ccc; font-size:19px; padding:5px 10px; } input[type=button] { background: -moz-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #dfdfdf); background: -ms-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #dfdfdf); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #ffffff), color-stop(100%, #dfdfdf)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #dfdfdf); background: -o-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #dfdfdf); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#dfdfdf'); -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#dfdfdf')"; background: linear-gradient(#ffffff, #dfdfdf); } #image_file { width:400px; } #progress_info { font-size:13px; } #fileinfo,#error,#error2,#abort,#warnsize { color:#aaa; display:none; font-size:13px; font-style:italic; margin-top:10px; } #progress { border:1px solid #ccc; display:none; float:left; height:14px; border-radius:10px; -moz-border-radius:10px; -ms-border-radius:10px; -o-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; background: -moz-linear-gradient(#66cc00, #4b9500); background: -ms-linear-gradient(#66cc00, #4b9500); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #66cc00), color-stop(100%, #4b9500)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#66cc00, #4b9500); background: -o-linear-gradient(#66cc00, #4b9500); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#66cc00', endColorstr='#4b9500'); -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#66cc00', endColorstr='#4b9500')"; background: linear-gradient(#66cc00, #4b9500); } #progress_percent { float:right; } #upload_response { margin-top: 10px; padding: 20px; overflow: hidden; display: none; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius:10px; -moz-border-radius:10px; -ms-border-radius:10px; -o-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc; background: -moz-linear-gradient(#bbb, #eee); background: -ms-linear-gradient(#bbb, #eee); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #bbb), color-stop(100%, #eee)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#bbb, #eee); background: -o-linear-gradient(#bbb, #eee); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#bbb', endColorstr='#eee'); -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#bbb', endColorstr='#eee')"; background: linear-gradient(#bbb, #eee); }
步骤3. HTML5 JS
js/script.js
// common variables var iBytesUploaded = 0; var iBytesTotal = 0; var iPreviousBytesLoaded = 0; var iMaxFilesize = 1048576; // 1MB var oTimer = 0; var sResultFileSize = ''; function secondsToTime(secs) { // we will use this function to convert seconds in normal time format var hr = Math.floor(secs / 3600); var min = Math.floor((secs - (hr * 3600))/60); var sec = Math.floor(secs - (hr * 3600) - (min * 60)); if (hr < 10) {hr = "0" + hr; } if (min < 10) {min = "0" + min;} if (sec < 10) {sec = "0" + sec;} if (hr) {hr = "00";} return hr + ':' + min + ':' + sec; }; function bytesToSize(bytes) { var sizes = ['Bytes', 'KB', 'MB']; if (bytes == 0) return 'n/a'; var i = parseInt(Math.floor(Math.log(bytes) / Math.log(1024))); return (bytes / Math.pow(1024, i)).toFixed(1) + ' ' + sizes[i]; }; function fileSelected() { // hide different warnings document.getElementById('upload_response').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('error').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('error2').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('abort').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('warnsize').style.display = 'none'; // get selected file element var oFile = document.getElementById('image_file').files[0]; // filter for image files var rFilter = /^(image\/bmp|image\/gif|image\/jpeg|image\/png|image\/tiff)$/i; if (! rFilter.test(oFile.type)) { document.getElementById('error').style.display = 'block'; return; } // little test for filesize if (oFile.size > iMaxFilesize) { document.getElementById('warnsize').style.display = 'block'; return; } // get preview element var oImage = document.getElementById('preview'); // prepare HTML5 FileReader var oReader = new FileReader(); oReader.onload = function(e){ // e.target.result contains the DataURL which we will use as a source of the image oImage.src = e.target.result; oImage.onload = function () { // binding onload event // we are going to display some custom image information here sResultFileSize = bytesToSize(oFile.size); document.getElementById('fileinfo').style.display = 'block'; document.getElementById('filename').innerHTML = 'Name: ' + oFile.name; document.getElementById('filesize').innerHTML = 'Size: ' + sResultFileSize; document.getElementById('filetype').innerHTML = 'Type: ' + oFile.type; document.getElementById('filedim').innerHTML = 'Dimension: ' + oImage.naturalWidth + ' x ' + oImage.naturalHeight; }; }; // read selected file as DataURL oReader.readAsDataURL(oFile); } function startUploading() { // cleanup all temp states iPreviousBytesLoaded = 0; document.getElementById('upload_response').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('error').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('error2').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('abort').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('warnsize').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('progress_percent').innerHTML = ''; var oProgress = document.getElementById('progress'); oProgress.style.display = 'block'; oProgress.style.width = '0px'; // get form data for POSTing //var vFD = document.getElementById('upload_form').getFormData(); // for FF3 var vFD = new FormData(document.getElementById('upload_form')); // create XMLHttpRequest object, adding few event listeners, and POSTing our data var oXHR = new XMLHttpRequest(); oXHR.upload.addEventListener('progress', uploadProgress, false); oXHR.addEventListener('load', uploadFinish, false); oXHR.addEventListener('error', uploadError, false); oXHR.addEventListener('abort', uploadAbort, false); oXHR.open('POST', 'upload.php'); oXHR.send(vFD); // set inner timer oTimer = setInterval(doInnerUpdates, 300); } function doInnerUpdates() { // we will use this function to display upload speed var iCB = iBytesUploaded; var iDiff = iCB - iPreviousBytesLoaded; // if nothing new loaded - exit if (iDiff == 0) return; iPreviousBytesLoaded = iCB; iDiff = iDiff * 2; var iBytesRem = iBytesTotal - iPreviousBytesLoaded; var secondsRemaining = iBytesRem / iDiff; // update speed info var iSpeed = iDiff.toString() + 'B/s'; if (iDiff > 1024 * 1024) { iSpeed = (Math.round(iDiff * 100/(1024*1024))/100).toString() + 'MB/s'; } else if (iDiff > 1024) { iSpeed = (Math.round(iDiff * 100/1024)/100).toString() + 'KB/s'; } document.getElementById('speed').innerHTML = iSpeed; document.getElementById('remaining').innerHTML = '| ' + secondsToTime(secondsRemaining); } function uploadProgress(e) { // upload process in progress if (e.lengthComputable) { iBytesUploaded = e.loaded; iBytesTotal = e.total; var iPercentComplete = Math.round(e.loaded * 100 / e.total); var iBytesTransfered = bytesToSize(iBytesUploaded); document.getElementById('progress_percent').innerHTML = iPercentComplete.toString() + '%'; document.getElementById('progress').style.width = (iPercentComplete * 4).toString() + 'px'; document.getElementById('b_transfered').innerHTML = iBytesTransfered; if (iPercentComplete == 100) { var oUploadResponse = document.getElementById('upload_response'); oUploadResponse.innerHTML = '<h1>Please wait...processing</h1>'; oUploadResponse.style.display = 'block'; } } else { document.getElementById('progress').innerHTML = 'unable to compute'; } } function uploadFinish(e) { // upload successfully finished var oUploadResponse = document.getElementById('upload_response'); oUploadResponse.innerHTML = e.target.responseText; oUploadResponse.style.display = 'block'; document.getElementById('progress_percent').innerHTML = '100%'; document.getElementById('progress').style.width = '400px'; document.getElementById('filesize').innerHTML = sResultFileSize; document.getElementById('remaining').innerHTML = '| 00:00:00'; clearInterval(oTimer); } function uploadError(e) { // upload error document.getElementById('error2').style.display = 'block'; clearInterval(oTimer); } function uploadAbort(e) { // upload abort document.getElementById('abort').style.display = 'block'; clearInterval(oTimer); }
步骤 4. PHP
upload.php
<?php function bytesToSize1024($bytes, $precision = 2) { $unit = array('B','KB','MB'); return @round($bytes / pow(1024, ($i = floor(log($bytes, 1024)))), $precision).' '.$unit[$i]; } $sFileName = $_FILES['image_file']['name']; $sFileType = $_FILES['image_file']['type']; $sFileSize = bytesToSize1024($_FILES['image_file']['size'], 1); echo <<<EOF <p>Your file: {$sFileName} has been successfully received.</p> <p>Type: {$sFileType}</p> <p>Size: {$sFileSize}</p> EOF;
正如你所看到的,我不上传文件。但是,‘echo’ 返回所有接受文件的信息。这些信息将会出现在我们<div id="upload_response"></div>元素。